Triadic $ (condition)
Short-circuit conditional expression. Thus this verb is special. It does not evaluate all of its arguments immediately. Only the first argument is evaluated. If it is true, the second argument is evaluated and becomes the result of the cond expression. Otherwise, the third argument is evaluated.
Syntax short form: $[<cond>; <true res>; 0N0] or if [<cond>] {<true res>}
Syntax full form: $[<cond>; <true res>; <else res>] or if [<cond>] {<true res>} else {<else res>}
Syntax extended form without syntactic sugar: $[<cond1>; <true res1>〔; <cond2>; <true res2>〔; .. 〕〕; <else res>]
Syntax extended form with syntactic sugar: if [<cond1>] {<true res1>}〔 elif [<cond2] {<ture res2>} 〔 .. 〕〕 else {<else res>}
The concept of truth here is a bit complex:
- For boolean scalars, truth means 1b.
- For integer scalars, truth means any vаlue except 0 and null.
- For other scalar types, truth means any non-null vаlue.
- For vectors, dicts, tables, truth means non-empty structure!!!
- Everything else (monads, dyads, lambdas, ...) results in truth!!!
o)$[2<3;"yes";"no"]
"yes"
o)
o)$[0n;"yes";"no"]
"no"
o)$[();1;2]
2
o)$[1=2;0;3=3;1;2]
1
o)$[1=2;0;3=4;1;2]
2
o)a:3; b:3; if [a<b] {"<"} elif [a>b] {">"} else {"="}
"="
o)t:([]a:1 2;b:1.1 2.2)
a b
-----
1 1.1
2 2.2
o)$[t;1;0]
1
o)d:`a`b!(1 2 3;1.1 2.2 3.3)
a| 1 2 3
b| 1.1 2.2 3.3
o)$[d;1;0]
1
o)
Another thing to remember is that simulation of short circuit evaluation of condition itself is done using nested conds:
o) a:1 2 3;
o) $[a;$[1=a[0];2;3];4]
2
o)t:([]a:1 2;b:1.1 2.2)
a b
-----
1 1.1
2 2.2
o)$[3=count t;$[d[`b;1]=2.2;1;2];$[d[`a;0]=0;3;4]]
3
o)